The predominant

The predominant system solution today is different from what it was in 1984. In 1984, air-to-water systems were the mainstream, with air-to-air systems making up only 2% of the sales. By 1990, exhaust air heat pumps already had 44% of the Swedish market with air-to-air units taking 45% of the market. The market in 2001 shows another major shift from air-to-air (1% of the market) to closed groundloop-towater systems (72%) and exhaust air systems (26%). The exhaust air heat pump market is stable and will probably grow further as a result of increased new construction in future and of replacements for older exhaust air systems. Ground-source heat pumps find application in older houses with relatively high heat demands, where they replace oil burners and electric resistance heaters. These heat pumps provide both space and domestic water heating.
The Swedish heat pump market is now self-sustaining with three major national manufacturers competing on the market (Nibe, IVT and Thermia). However, the refrigeration industry, sometimes owned by internationally operating companies, could pose a threat to the existing manufacturers.

Asphalt

Asphalt thermal collector Netherlands - An innovative integrated heating and cooling system for a Dutch commercial building in Scharwoude combines asphalt heat absorbers, thermal ground storage and a heat pump system. The asphalt collector has been specifically designed to withstand surface pressure from heavy road traffic. In this application, absorbers have been installed in a road, a nearby parking lot and an outside storage area. The system is able to collect heat and cold during the relevant season for storage in an aquifer. The object to be conditioned consists of office buildings with multipurpose workspaces. A hollow concrete floor is used for ventilation and to accommodate the building utilities, which creates a highly flexible workspace. Th

Testing and Samples

Testing and Samples—The QCN member, or material manufacturer, shall, if required, furnish satisfactory evidence as to the kind, quality, and performance of materials used. Upon TVA request, test data from an independent laboratory and material samples shall be provided. • General Requirements—TVA reserves the right to waive portions of these standards if, after review of individual circumstances, a heat pump installation can otherwise meet the standards and intent of the program. − The requirements listed under “Qualifying Homes” at the beginning of this section must be met as part of an approved heat pump installation. General standards apply unless a heat pump type is specifically exempted. Additional standards for specific types are also listed. − The term "heat pump" shall mean any heat pump consisting of one or more factory assemblies that normally include an indoor coil, compressor(s), outdoor coil (or a refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger if water source or refrigerant-to-ground if direct exchange), and air moving means, including means to provide heating and cooling. An assembly, or matched assemblies designed for use together, shall be matched and certified per the following standards:

Package-Type Dual-Fuel Heat Pumps.

Package-Type Dual-Fuel Heat Pumps. This section is related to the installation of all package-type dual-fuel heat pump systems (single-package units that incorporate both a standard electric heat pump and a fossil-fuel furnace). The package-type dual-fuel heat pump shall meet or exceed the minimum HSPF and SEER requirements of package heat pumps as stated under Equipment Requirements subsection, item 1.
Manufactured Home Heat Pump Systems. This section is related to the installation of heat pump systems installed in manufactured homes built to the Department of Housing and Urban Development's Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards, 1976. (Manufactured homes built prior to 1976 are not eligible to participate in the energy right Heat Pump Plan except when evidence through analysis indicates the manufactured home can achieve acceptable comfort levels following a heat pump installation with newly installed program ductwork.) 1. Heat pumps installed in manufactured homes may use the existing ductwork or new, field-installed ductwork. For existing manufactured homes manufactured ductwork, only items 9, 10, 14, and 15 of the Duct System Design, Modification, and Installation section shall apply. However, the average face velocity of each supply register shall not exceed 700 feet per minute or be less than 400 feet per minute. All field-installed supply and/or return ductwork shall be in accordance with the equivalent Installation and Duct System Design, Modification, and Installation sections. All other sections in these Installation Standards are applicable unless otherwise noted. 2. All heat pumps installed in manufactured homes shall operate within manufacturer's specifications and be approved for that use by the heat pump equipment manufacturer. The duct system shall provide the amount of air flow across the indoor coil as listed in the heat pump manufacturer's specifications. The installing QCN member is responsible for obtaining the required air flo

Doorbell Transformers

Doorbell Transformers—Insulation may contact the sides of but shall not cover doorbell transformers. • Masonry Chimneys—All insulation and blocking materials shall be kept a minimum of 3 inches away from masonry chimneys. When loose-fill insulation material is used for ceiling insulation, acceptable blocking materials shall be used to ensure a minimum 3-inch clearance. Unfaced mineral fiber batts may provide the minimum clearance by serving as blocking for loose-fill insulation, or other types of blocking may be used to ensure the minimum clearance. The gap (crack) between the interior ceiling finish material and the masonry chimney should be firestopped and sealed in accordance with locally adopted codes and regulations.  • Factory-Built (Metal) Chimneys—All insulation and blocking materials shall be kept a minimum of 3 inches away from factory-built chimneys. The minimum 3-inch clearance shall be provided by utilizing acceptable blocking materials. In some installations where loose-fill insulation is installed as ceiling insulation, the sides of the chimney support box may serve as the blocking material if it provides the minimum 3-inch clearance. Insulation shall not be installed in or over the chimney support box. • Vent Pipes from Gas or Oil-fired Furnaces, Water Heaters, etc—Insulation materials shall be installed no closer than 3 inches to a vent pipe, or the clearance specified on the vent pipe label, from a gas or oil-fired furnace, water heater, etc., where the vent pipe passes through the ceiling. When loose-fill materials are installed as ceiling insulation, acceptable blocking materials shall be used to provide the required clearance and to prevent the insulation material from falling into the cavity around the vent pipe. • Venting—Range hoods and bathroom exhaust fans shall be vented to the outside in conjunction with adding attic insulation. The vent pipes shall not be vented through an existing attic ventilator unless the minimum required net free area for the attic would still exist without the use of that ventilator. If a bathroom or kitchen is not properly vented to the outside, one of the following venting methods must be used:

Preparation

Preparation—The prime window shall be made as weathertight as possible both inside and out (excluding required weepage systems) before a storm window is installed. This includes but is not limited to any weatherstripping, caulking, replacing of broken glass, or other work required to make the prime window weathertight. If a prime window requires caulking, the caulk should be applied in such a manner as to avoid interfering with the mounting surface where the storm window or subframe will be installed and shall comply with these standards. If the prime window requires weatherstripping, the weather strip material should be applied in accordance with these standards. Weepholes (approximately 1/8-inch diameter or equivalent) or an effective weepage system should be provided near the corners along the prime window sill when internally applied storm windows are installed.  • Building Codes—It shall be the QCN member’s responsibility to comply with local building codes concerning any restrictions on the installation of interior applied, thermoplastic storm windows. • Pre-Installation Requirements—The installer shall verify that the storm window assembly is not damaged before installation.   The installer shall refer to the manufacturer’s instructions concerning construction, assembly, and installation of the storm window assembly.   Interior applied, thermoplastic storm windows shall be sized to cover the entire window opening over which they will be installed.   Any operating or hinged glazed insert panels of a storm window assembly shall be in the same position as the operating sash of the prime window.   Any meeting rails or meeting stiles of the storm window assembly shall be aligned with the respective meeting rails or meeting stiles of the prime window.  • Storm Window Assembly—Interior applied, thermoplastic window assemblies shall adhere to the following requirements:

Determine

Determine cooling capacity by using the following formula: Btuh = (h2 - h1) x 4.5 x CFM  h1 =  heat content of air from Table A-1 corresponding to supply air  wet bulb temperature.* h2 =  heat content of air from Table A-1 corresponding to return air wet bulb temperature.* 4.5 =  air properties constant CFM =  Cubic feet per minute air calculated, from funnel, temperature rise, or return air method  *   At supply air outlet and inlet indoors record wet bulb and dry bulb temperatures.  (From Enthalpy Table, record heat content values that correspond to supply and return air wet bulb temperatures, h1 and h2, respectively)
b) Verify that system capacity is + 10% of the equipment manufacturer's rating at the test conditions.
Procedures for notifying Customer and QCN member of Failed Inspections When a program-required inspection of an installation is made and the installation is not in compliance with program standards, the inspector will indicate on the Heat Pump Installation Inspection Checklist (TVA 6254T) and on the Work Completion Form (where applicable) the reasons(s) for the failure to pass the inspection.  The QCN member may be allowed to correct minor deficiencies while the inspector is on-site.  Customer and QCN members must receive a copy of Heat Pump Installation Inspection Checklist. All deficiencies must be corrected and be in compliance within 10 business days.  Following corrections by the QCN member, the inspector shall be notified, after which a reinspection shall be scheduled and performed.  If, during the reinspection, other items not previously identified are shown to be in violation of the installation standards, the QCN member shall have 10 additional business days to correct the deficiencies, after which the third and final reinspection shall occur.