The concern

The concern and need for good indoor air quality will probably never go away so the market for air duct cleaning should remain strong for a long time. Air duct cleaning is a natural partner or extension of HVAC system installation and servicing. Air duct cleaning offers many benefits to the HVAC Contractor including: • Excellent gross margins (40% to 60%) • Significant add-on revenues with existing customers. • Identifying potential

Ventilation Canopy

Ventilation Canopy & Grease Filter Cleaning
General Note: Ideally once the filters have been cleaned they should be completely free of grease and carbon deposits. In practice this may not be achievable resulting in only the surfaces being cleaned.
1  Operatives to check all PPE, cleaning equipment and chemicals required for the task. Refer to COSHH assessments supplied for chemicals being used. Operatives to set out all ‘Caution/Warning’ signage required and cordon off cleaning area prior to work commencing.
2  Operatives to check hoses and connections for High Pressure Sprayer. Operatives to carry out electrical safety check of cabling and plug, ensure that cable/ lead is sound and not severely kinked and that plug is not damaged and machine has current PAT Test Certificate.
3  Operatives to check that 10kg cleaning tank is in fit condition, no holes or damage to main body of tank.
4  Operatives to dispense cleaning chemicals into tank as per the COSHH data sheet instructions. Fill tank with water to recommended level and switch on heater.

Operatives to check all PPE,

Operatives to check all PPE, cleaning equipment and chemicals required for the task. Refer to COSHH assessments supplied for chemicals being used. Operatives to set out all ‘Caution/Warning’ signage required and cordon off cleaning area prior to work commencing.
2  Carry out pre-work safety check of the machine i.e.. cut/ broken lead, damaged plug, damaged or broken discs or brushes.
3  Check that machine has got current PAT test certificate/ label.
4  Operatives to assemble machine as per manufacturer’s safe operating instructions.
5  Operatives to ventilate area if required (this can be done by opening windows, doors or turning on ventilation equipment if necessary).
6  Operatives to prepare cleaning solution according to the COSHH data sheet and pour into machine solution tank.
7  Operatives to insert a circuit breaker (RCD) into power socket and plug machine in to RCD.
8  Operatives to switch on machine and test machine is working correctly.
9  Operatives to clean the floor with regard to the brush position and pressure in relation to soilage, using a systematic overlapping pattern and changing or turning brushes or pads as necessary. Ensure when cleaning that machine cable/ lead is behind the line of work and not lying in water.
11  Operatives to remove splashes from walls, skirting or other items as they occur using a clean cloth.

Sick House.

Sick House. The name has an ominous sound, but it doesn't mean that the house is leaning or falling apart. A sick house is a house with a serious air quality problem. The area can be described as "sick," mainly because people develop symptoms of illness such as headaches, watery eyes, nausea, skin disorders and fatigue when they must spend considerable time where there is a build-up of air pollutants from household products, building materials, formaldehyde and/or respirable particles. In Florida, sick houses are usually houses with a serious moisture problem. Moisture also plays an important role in promoting the growth and spread of mold (mildew). Molds produce spores, tiny encased "seeds," which float in the air. Under severe contamination thousands of mold spores can be suspended in each cubic foot of air. When people are exposed to mold spores over and over they can develop allergic symptoms.

Repair Duct system

Repair Duct system repair involves reconnecting parts that have become separated, and replacing or repairing any damaged or missing component parts, which could include flexible metallic and non-metallic “plastic flex” ducts, rigid metal ducts, sheet metal duct components, duct supports, register boots, and registers. Renovation Duct renovation should be performed if the duct system is in poor condition or improperly sized. Renovation involves replacing a significant portion of the ductwork, either to restore it to proper operation or to increase the capacity of the return air ducting. Some systems have return ducts that are too small, causing whistling filters, noisy ducts, and reduced energy efficiency. If size is not the problem, often only a portion of the ductwork needs replacement. But if the entire duct system needs to be replaced, your contractor must correctly size the ducts and registers to ensure that the new ductwork will provide the most comfort and greatest energy efficiency

The noise levels

The noise levels in cities have been increasing year over year, and these increases could, within a few decades, lead to an environment so noisy as to have a harmful effect on the health of residents and to a reduction in their quality of life. For this reason, the level of acoustic pollution caused by equipment is an important factor to be considered. The ‘noise’ level of equipment can also provide a competitive advantage to one producer over another.
Measuring acoustic pollution
On a European Union level, a directive on noise can be expected, which will set limits to the amount of noise generated by various products and equipment. Eurovent, aware of this situation, decided very early on to introduce sound power as a certified characteristic, which is published in its Directory of Certified Products.

The conference

“The conference helps us as a beginning, not an ending. We should not continue to apply the so-called direct line-model that governments are no longer prepared to support. We should adopt the teamwork model to reach our common goal, as was proposed by Prof. Bredesen of NTNU, Trondheim, Norway, for both the chemical and natural working fluid strategies. By accepting that there are two different approaches, but one common team of players with the same objective, it will be possible to come up with the solutions society needs and asks for. Society will eventually decide”.
International organisations like the IEA have an important role to play in bringing forward new energy solutions for a cleaner world.
The proceedings of the conference can be ordered from the HPC; for price information, see the Publications section of the website

The predominant

The predominant system solution today is different from what it was in 1984. In 1984, air-to-water systems were the mainstream, with air-to-air systems making up only 2% of the sales. By 1990, exhaust air heat pumps already had 44% of the Swedish market with air-to-air units taking 45% of the market. The market in 2001 shows another major shift from air-to-air (1% of the market) to closed groundloop-towater systems (72%) and exhaust air systems (26%). The exhaust air heat pump market is stable and will probably grow further as a result of increased new construction in future and of replacements for older exhaust air systems. Ground-source heat pumps find application in older houses with relatively high heat demands, where they replace oil burners and electric resistance heaters. These heat pumps provide both space and domestic water heating.
The Swedish heat pump market is now self-sustaining with three major national manufacturers competing on the market (Nibe, IVT and Thermia). However, the refrigeration industry, sometimes owned by internationally operating companies, could pose a threat to the existing manufacturers.

Asphalt

Asphalt thermal collector Netherlands - An innovative integrated heating and cooling system for a Dutch commercial building in Scharwoude combines asphalt heat absorbers, thermal ground storage and a heat pump system. The asphalt collector has been specifically designed to withstand surface pressure from heavy road traffic. In this application, absorbers have been installed in a road, a nearby parking lot and an outside storage area. The system is able to collect heat and cold during the relevant season for storage in an aquifer. The object to be conditioned consists of office buildings with multipurpose workspaces. A hollow concrete floor is used for ventilation and to accommodate the building utilities, which creates a highly flexible workspace. Th

Testing and Samples

Testing and Samples—The QCN member, or material manufacturer, shall, if required, furnish satisfactory evidence as to the kind, quality, and performance of materials used. Upon TVA request, test data from an independent laboratory and material samples shall be provided. • General Requirements—TVA reserves the right to waive portions of these standards if, after review of individual circumstances, a heat pump installation can otherwise meet the standards and intent of the program. − The requirements listed under “Qualifying Homes” at the beginning of this section must be met as part of an approved heat pump installation. General standards apply unless a heat pump type is specifically exempted. Additional standards for specific types are also listed. − The term "heat pump" shall mean any heat pump consisting of one or more factory assemblies that normally include an indoor coil, compressor(s), outdoor coil (or a refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger if water source or refrigerant-to-ground if direct exchange), and air moving means, including means to provide heating and cooling. An assembly, or matched assemblies designed for use together, shall be matched and certified per the following standards:

Package-Type Dual-Fuel Heat Pumps.

Package-Type Dual-Fuel Heat Pumps. This section is related to the installation of all package-type dual-fuel heat pump systems (single-package units that incorporate both a standard electric heat pump and a fossil-fuel furnace). The package-type dual-fuel heat pump shall meet or exceed the minimum HSPF and SEER requirements of package heat pumps as stated under Equipment Requirements subsection, item 1.
Manufactured Home Heat Pump Systems. This section is related to the installation of heat pump systems installed in manufactured homes built to the Department of Housing and Urban Development's Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards, 1976. (Manufactured homes built prior to 1976 are not eligible to participate in the energy right Heat Pump Plan except when evidence through analysis indicates the manufactured home can achieve acceptable comfort levels following a heat pump installation with newly installed program ductwork.) 1. Heat pumps installed in manufactured homes may use the existing ductwork or new, field-installed ductwork. For existing manufactured homes manufactured ductwork, only items 9, 10, 14, and 15 of the Duct System Design, Modification, and Installation section shall apply. However, the average face velocity of each supply register shall not exceed 700 feet per minute or be less than 400 feet per minute. All field-installed supply and/or return ductwork shall be in accordance with the equivalent Installation and Duct System Design, Modification, and Installation sections. All other sections in these Installation Standards are applicable unless otherwise noted. 2. All heat pumps installed in manufactured homes shall operate within manufacturer's specifications and be approved for that use by the heat pump equipment manufacturer. The duct system shall provide the amount of air flow across the indoor coil as listed in the heat pump manufacturer's specifications. The installing QCN member is responsible for obtaining the required air flo

Doorbell Transformers

Doorbell Transformers—Insulation may contact the sides of but shall not cover doorbell transformers. • Masonry Chimneys—All insulation and blocking materials shall be kept a minimum of 3 inches away from masonry chimneys. When loose-fill insulation material is used for ceiling insulation, acceptable blocking materials shall be used to ensure a minimum 3-inch clearance. Unfaced mineral fiber batts may provide the minimum clearance by serving as blocking for loose-fill insulation, or other types of blocking may be used to ensure the minimum clearance. The gap (crack) between the interior ceiling finish material and the masonry chimney should be firestopped and sealed in accordance with locally adopted codes and regulations.  • Factory-Built (Metal) Chimneys—All insulation and blocking materials shall be kept a minimum of 3 inches away from factory-built chimneys. The minimum 3-inch clearance shall be provided by utilizing acceptable blocking materials. In some installations where loose-fill insulation is installed as ceiling insulation, the sides of the chimney support box may serve as the blocking material if it provides the minimum 3-inch clearance. Insulation shall not be installed in or over the chimney support box. • Vent Pipes from Gas or Oil-fired Furnaces, Water Heaters, etc—Insulation materials shall be installed no closer than 3 inches to a vent pipe, or the clearance specified on the vent pipe label, from a gas or oil-fired furnace, water heater, etc., where the vent pipe passes through the ceiling. When loose-fill materials are installed as ceiling insulation, acceptable blocking materials shall be used to provide the required clearance and to prevent the insulation material from falling into the cavity around the vent pipe. • Venting—Range hoods and bathroom exhaust fans shall be vented to the outside in conjunction with adding attic insulation. The vent pipes shall not be vented through an existing attic ventilator unless the minimum required net free area for the attic would still exist without the use of that ventilator. If a bathroom or kitchen is not properly vented to the outside, one of the following venting methods must be used:

Preparation

Preparation—The prime window shall be made as weathertight as possible both inside and out (excluding required weepage systems) before a storm window is installed. This includes but is not limited to any weatherstripping, caulking, replacing of broken glass, or other work required to make the prime window weathertight. If a prime window requires caulking, the caulk should be applied in such a manner as to avoid interfering with the mounting surface where the storm window or subframe will be installed and shall comply with these standards. If the prime window requires weatherstripping, the weather strip material should be applied in accordance with these standards. Weepholes (approximately 1/8-inch diameter or equivalent) or an effective weepage system should be provided near the corners along the prime window sill when internally applied storm windows are installed.  • Building Codes—It shall be the QCN member’s responsibility to comply with local building codes concerning any restrictions on the installation of interior applied, thermoplastic storm windows. • Pre-Installation Requirements—The installer shall verify that the storm window assembly is not damaged before installation.   The installer shall refer to the manufacturer’s instructions concerning construction, assembly, and installation of the storm window assembly.   Interior applied, thermoplastic storm windows shall be sized to cover the entire window opening over which they will be installed.   Any operating or hinged glazed insert panels of a storm window assembly shall be in the same position as the operating sash of the prime window.   Any meeting rails or meeting stiles of the storm window assembly shall be aligned with the respective meeting rails or meeting stiles of the prime window.  • Storm Window Assembly—Interior applied, thermoplastic window assemblies shall adhere to the following requirements:

Determine

Determine cooling capacity by using the following formula: Btuh = (h2 - h1) x 4.5 x CFM  h1 =  heat content of air from Table A-1 corresponding to supply air  wet bulb temperature.* h2 =  heat content of air from Table A-1 corresponding to return air wet bulb temperature.* 4.5 =  air properties constant CFM =  Cubic feet per minute air calculated, from funnel, temperature rise, or return air method  *   At supply air outlet and inlet indoors record wet bulb and dry bulb temperatures.  (From Enthalpy Table, record heat content values that correspond to supply and return air wet bulb temperatures, h1 and h2, respectively)
b) Verify that system capacity is + 10% of the equipment manufacturer's rating at the test conditions.
Procedures for notifying Customer and QCN member of Failed Inspections When a program-required inspection of an installation is made and the installation is not in compliance with program standards, the inspector will indicate on the Heat Pump Installation Inspection Checklist (TVA 6254T) and on the Work Completion Form (where applicable) the reasons(s) for the failure to pass the inspection.  The QCN member may be allowed to correct minor deficiencies while the inspector is on-site.  Customer and QCN members must receive a copy of Heat Pump Installation Inspection Checklist. All deficiencies must be corrected and be in compliance within 10 business days.  Following corrections by the QCN member, the inspector shall be notified, after which a reinspection shall be scheduled and performed.  If, during the reinspection, other items not previously identified are shown to be in violation of the installation standards, the QCN member shall have 10 additional business days to correct the deficiencies, after which the third and final reinspection shall occur.

Installation Standards

Installation Standards Standards for installation of heat pumps are divided into groupings to make finding specific information easier. Below is a list of paragraphs applicable to all heat pump installations, unless stated otherwise for specific heat pumps: • General Information • Heat Pump Equipment and Installation Standards • Quality Contractor Network Member • Equipment Requirements • Equipment Installation • Duct System Design, Modification, and Installation • Duct System Insulation • Refrigerant Piping Installation • Refrigerant Piping Insulation • Condensate Piping • Air Filters • Noise Abatement and Vibration Elimination • Electrical Requirements • Indoor Thermostat • Auxiliary Electric Heaters • Outdoor Thermostat (Power Distributor Option) • Extended Warranty Programs • Performance Guarantee

Special installation

. 10 Special installation For greater lengths, the installation must be made with a project previously approved by our technical service. Modifications to any of the following may be required for such a project: - Tube dimensions. - Refrigerant charge. - Suction traps. - Suction accumulator. - Liquid solenoid valve. In such cases, the maximum lengths which can be recommended are: Compact installation of the units The units are supplied prepared for cooling and electrical connections. To install the heat pumps as a compact unit, the outdoor BCVO and indoor BCVI units must be joined by using the holes in each unit and the screws supplied in a bag in the electrical box in the case of BCVO/I-60 and inside the indoor units of BCVI-20/25, 30/40 & 45. The BCVO and BCVI units are supplied with the refrigerant circuit connections ready for welding, and to be interconnected on the outside of the casing. The BCVO/I-20, 25, 30 and 40 have only one circuit. The BCV-45, 60 and 80 units have two circuits. The refrigerant load should be carried out at the jobsite. Charge procedure 1.- De-pressurise the units. 2.- Drain the refrigerant. 3.- Clean out with dry nitrogen. 4.- Solder the tubes, with a dry nitrogen flow inside the tubes. 5.- Use low melting-point rods with a minimum silver content of 5% for soldering. 6.- Fill with 2 kg R-22 refrigerant to detect leaks. 7.- Empty out the refrigerant. 8.- Clean out with dry nitrogen. 9.- Create a vacuum down to 200 microns. 10.- Put in the refrigerant, using scales or a calibrated cylinder. The charge accuracy should be of 30 grams. The outdoor unit is fitted with pressure and temperature points on the connection outlets, for checking of over-heating and sub-cooling. Check that these values are around

Other inputs

Other inputs to the calculations is type of heat pump, type of operation of the heat pump, type of control of the heat pump, type of heating (floor heating or radiator heating), minimum source operating temperature, the effect of auxiliary equipment and backup electricity heater.  
Other possible energy sources can also be chosen, but this chapter only treats the heat pumps.  
Output from the calculations The model calculates the energy use and losses based upon constant fractions. The fraction of the energy use and the different losses is displayed by the model. A diagram shows the energy supply per temperature bin and how it is covered from different energy sources.  The seasonal energy efficiency, etas, is calculated.  
Etas = Lh/Qtot+cctrl where Qtot=Lh + Lsys + Qgen + Qel
etas is the net space heating demand of the house over the sum of the generated heat of the system. Qtot is the sum of the space heating demand (Lh), the losses from the heating system (Lsys), the primary energy losses of the energy input to the system (Qgen) and the energy needed by the auxiliary equipment such as control and heat sink pumps (Qel).

En kravspecifikation

En kravspecifikation för mätdata som behövs för att användas för validering har tagits fram. En sammanställning av befintliga standardliknande beräkningsmetoder (existerande algoritmer) för SPF har gjorts. Syftet med analysen har varit att beskriva existerande algoritmer (modeller) samt kartlägga om nuvarande program (Annex 28, SP´s beräkningsprogram mm) innefattar alla typer av värmepumpsystem som finns på marknaden idag. En viktig del är att undersöka hur kombinerad drift dvs. tappvarmvatten och värme behandlas i modellerna. En annan fråga är huruvida olika typer av kapacitetsreglering behandlas. Sammanställningen har visat att det finns en stor brist bland förekommande program och metoder vad gäller att ta hänsyn till : Kombisystem, såsom sol-vp Kapacitetsreglerade system System med kombinerad varmvattentillverkning och uppvärmning Existerande algoritmer har jämförts med resultat från fältmätningar. Från existerande fältmätningar har data tagits för att jämföra resultaten med befintliga metoder för att beräkna SPF. En analys av hur väl dessa metoder förmådde beräkna SPF för de studerade systemen har gjorts. Denna analys visar att resultaten från fältmätningarna ofta visar på högre SPF än vad som beräkningsmodellerna ger. Det finns flera orsaker till detta, bland annat att modellerna använder sig av konstant marktemperatur (som i förekommande fall är lägre än verklig marktemperatur), att modellerna använder en bivalent punkt som aldrig uppträtt i de verkliga mätningarna mm. Den gjorda jämförelsen visar på ett antal viktiga faktorer att studera vidare.

where the quantities

where the quantities G3  and G2  are the moisture content of the outside and inside air respectively.  Referring to a copy of a psychrometric chart or to Figure 3, locate point 2 representing the inside design conditions of 80F db and 50% relative humidity. From point 2, project a horizontal line to the right to the moister content scale and read and read G2 = .011 lb moisture per lb dry air.  Similarly locate point 3 for the outside conditions of 95 F db and 75F dew point.  From the chart obtain G3  = .019 lb moisture per lb dry air.  Then the latent heat from the infiltration is
                              q = 4840 (20) (.019 - .011) = 774 Btu/hr
Appliances such gas ovens, ranges, and dishwashers add to the latent heat load in a building.  These contributions are estimated from the data of Reference 2 as follows:
Dishwasher           q = 420 Btu/hr Gas oven               q = 1200 Btu/hr
© Gary D. Beckfeld  Page 10 of 21
Gas range              q = 5600 Btu/hr

Air sweep method

Air sweep method
A dust vacuum collecting device is connected to an opening in the duct.It is recommended thatthe insulated area of the ductfor cleaning has a minimum static pressure of 25 mm c.a., to ensure correct transport of the material for collection.Compressed air is introduced into the ductwith a hose.The vacuum head is introduced into the ductusing the nearestopening atthe beginning of the duct network Hoovering is started, following the airflow, sufficiently slowly to allow the vacuum cleaner to gather all the dirt.
Mechanical brush method
A hoovering device is connected to the mostextreme pointof the network. Toevacuate dirtand dustparticles suspended in the air,rotary brushes are used, with electric or pneumatic power. Dirt particles are dragged into the airflow direction inside the ductand are then collected by vacuum cleaner.
Brushing operations will usually require larger access openings than the previous method.Nevertheless,fewer openings are needed.Certain types of mechanical brushes can reach up to 7min both directions.

offers Limited Warranty

Adam Equipment offers Limited Warranty (Parts and Labour) for the components failed due to
defects in materials or workmanship. Warranty starts from the date of delivery.
During the warranty period, should any repairs be necessary, the purchaser must inform its
supplier or Adam Equipment Company. The company or its authorised Technician reserves the
right to repair or replace the components at any of its workshops depending on the severity of
the problems. However, any freight involved in sending the faulty units or parts to the service
centre should be borne by the purchaser.
The warranty will cease to operate if the equipment is not returned in the original packaging
and with correct documentation for a claim to be processed. All claims are at the sole discretion
of Adam Equipment

For the purposes

For the purposes of this Strategy Guideline, an energy efficient house is defined as one that is
designed and built for decreased energy use and improved comfort through higher levels of
insulation, more energy efficient windows, high efficiency space conditioning and water heating
equipment, energy efficient lighting and appliances, reduced air infiltration, and controlled
mechanical ventilation. Specification levels for energy efficient houses have historically been
prescribed by beyond code programs that set a percentage better than code for energy use, such
as ENERGY STAR®, which requires houses to be 15% more energy efficient than code. Beyond
code programs continue to set a percentage better than the improved codes for energy use,
raising the bar for whole house energy efficiency. The 2009 International Energy Conservation
Code (IECC) establishes an estimated 15% improvement in energy efficiency over the previous
2006 IECC requirements. Ongoing code cycles incrementally increase the minimum efficiency
of a house. For example, the 2012 IECC achieves approximately 30% savings over the 2006
version. As the new codes are adopted and implemented, a house that was built under an above
code program in 2010 will likely be the code mandated house in 2015. As the energy efficiency

Machinery space ventilation

Machinery space ventilation
E.5.1 The ventilation systems for machinery spaces of category A shall be separated from the ventilation
systems serving other spaces and shall be in general of the supply type. Other modes of operation
may be applied upon special approval.
E.5.2 Machinery spaces of category A shall be adequately ventilated so as to ensure that when machinery
or boilers therein are operating at full power in all weather conditions including heavy weather, an
adequate supply of air is maintained to the spaces for the safety and comfort of personnel and the operation
of the machinery. Any other machinery space shall be adequately ventilated appropriate for the purpose
of that machinery space.
E.5.3 In general, ventilators necessary to continuously supply the machinery space shall have
coamings of sufficient height to comply with LLC 1966 as amended 1988, Regulation 19(3), without having
to fit weathertight closing appliances (see also D.3.2). However, where due to ship size and arrangement
this is not practicable, lesser heights for machinery space coamings, fitted with weathertight closing
appliances in accordance with LLC 1966 as amended 1988, Regulation 19(4), may be permitted by the
Administration in combination with other suitable arrangements to ensure an uninterrupted, adequate
supply of ventilation to these spaces. The machinery spaces are those defined in SOLAS Regulation II-
1/Reg. 3.16.

Paint stores and flammable liquid lockers

Paint stores and flammable liquid lockers
E.4.1 Paint stores and flammable liquid lockers are to be provided with ventilation arrangements
which are separate from other ventilation systems.
E.4.2 The ventilation system shall be capable of effecting at least 10 changes of air per hour. The
ducts are to be arranged such that both vapours lighter than air and vapours heavier than air can be removed.

E.4.3 Ventilation outlets or their duct openings shall lead to the open deck area.
E.4.4 The drives of mechanical ventilators shall be installed outside the rooms and air flow. Otherwise
certified safe type drive motors with an explosion protection of at least IIB T3 are to be used.
E.4.5 The ventilator design shall comply with regulation

Control stations

Control stations
E.3.1 Such measures as are practicable shall be taken in respect of control stations outside machinery
spaces in order to ensure that ventilation, visibility and freedom from smoke are maintained, so
that in the event of fire the machinery and equipment contained therein may be supervised and continue
to function effectively.
In case a control station is served by a common ventilation system, which serves also other spaces, effective
local closing arrangements shall be provided.
Effective local closing arrangements mean that the provided ventilation systems shall be fitted with fire
dampers or smoke dampers which could be closed easily within the control station in order to maintain
the absence of smoke in the event of fire.
E.3.2 Alternative and separate means of air supply shall be provided; air inlets of the two sources of
supply shall be so disposed that the risk of both inlets drawing in smoke simultaneously is minimized.
Such requirements need not be applied to control stations situated on, and opening on to, an open deck
and where local closing arrangements would be equally effective.
Alternative and separate means of air supply may be provided also by combination of a mechanical supply
duct and a natural exhaust duct or vice versa provided that the fan is reversible

Requirements for Particular Spaces

Requirements for Particular Spaces
E.1 Accommodation spaces
As far as applicable, national requirements should be observed concerning primary data of air condition
system and air change rates.
E.2 Galleys
E.2.1 Where they pass through accommodation spaces or spaces containing combustible materials,
the exhaust ducts from galley ranges shall be constructed of insulated "A" class divisions. Each exhaust
duct shall be fitted with:
 a grease trap readily removable for cleaning
 a fire damper located in the lower end of the duct and in addition, a fire damper in the upper end of
the duct
 arrangements, operable from within the galley near exit, for shutting off the exhaust fan
 fixed means for extinguishing a fire within the duct are to be provided on all cargo ships and passenger
vessels carrying not more than 36 passengers, where the ducts pass through accommodation
spaces or spaces containing combustible materials

Additional fire safety arrangements

Additional fire safety arrangements
D.7.1 Stopping devices of ventilation
Forced ventilation of accommodation spaces, service spaces, cargo spaces, control stations and machinery
spaces shall be capable of being stopped from an easily accessible position outside the spaces being
served. This position shall not be readily cut off in the event of a fire in the spaces served.
D.7.2 Means of control for machinery space ventilation arrangements
D.7.2.1 Means of control shall be provided for opening and closure of skylights, closure of openings in
funnels which normally allow for exhaust air ventilation and closure of ventilator dampers.
D.7.2.2 Means of control shall be provided for stopping fans. Controls provided for the power ventilation
serving machinery spaces shall be grouped so as to be operable from two positions, one of which
shall be outside such spaces. The means provided for stopping the power ventilation of the machinery
spaces shall be entirely separate from the means provided for stopping ventilation of other spaces.
D.7.2.3 Means of control shall be provided for stopping forced and induced draught boiler fans.

The controls required

D.7.2.4 The controls required in D.7.2.1 to D.7.2.3 shall be located outside the space concerned so
they will not be cut off in the event of fire in the space they serve.
D.7.2.5 Concerning control of smoke spread for machinery spaces, see D.7.3.3.
D.7.2.6 Automatic stopping of ventilation fans when releasing the CO2-System is not permitted. Separate
manual stopping of ventilation fans is to be carried out before releasing the CO2- System.
D.7.3 Control of smoke spread
D.7.3.1 Purpose
The purpose of this requirement is to control the spread of smoke in order to minimize the hazards from
smoke. For this purpose, means for controlling smoke in atriums, control stations, machinery spaces and
concealed spaces shall be provided.
D.7.3.2 Prevention of spread of smoke over several decks
Ventilation ducts serving more than one deck level shall be provided with readily accessible means of
closure at each deck level.
D.7.3.3 Release of smoke from machinery spaces
D.7.3.3.1 The provisions of D.7.3.3.2 to D.7.3.3.4 shall apply to machinery spaces of category A, and
where considered desirable to other machinery spaces.

Non-sparking fans

D.6 Non-sparking fans
D.6.1 Protection screens of not more than 13 mm square mesh are to be fitted in the inlet and outlet
ventilation openings on the open deck to prevent the entrance of objects into the fan housing.
D.6.2 Overheating of the mechanical components of fans and the creation of sparks is to be avoided
by appropriate design and by the choice of suitable materials. The safety clearance between the fan
housing and the impeller shall not be less than 1/10 of the inner impeller bearing diameter, limited to a
minimum of 2 mm and is to be such as to preclude any contact between the housing and the rotor. The
maximum clearance need not be more than 13 mm. The above requirement also applies to portable fans.
D.6.3 Following materials or combinations of materials for impeller/housing may be used:
 non-metallic materials (plastic material having sufficient electric conductivity) with each other or with
steel (incl. galvanized, stainless). The electrical resistance of non-metallic materials must not exceed
106 Ohm unless special measures are taken to prevent electrostatic charges at the surface of the
material.
 non-ferrous materials having good heat conductivity (bronze, brass, copper, not aluminium) with
each other or with steel (incl. galvanized, stainless)
 steel (incl. galvanized, stainless) with each other if a ring of adequate size made of above nonmetallic/non-ferrous
material is fitted in way of the impeller, or if a safety clearance of 13 mm is provided

 aluminium or magnesium alloys with each other or with steel (incl. galvanized, stainless) only, if a
non-ferrous ring having a good heat conductivity, i.e. copper, brass, of adequate size is fitted in way
of the impeller